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Formal proofs of safe operating limits at wastewater resource recovery facilities

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Research Team

Our Motivation:

"Automated control strategies have the potential to reduce costs and emissions at wastewater resource recovery facilities (WRRFs), but ensuring the safety of commands is essential to adoption. We propose to extend formal methods for cyber-physical systems to the wastewater treatment domain by developing verification processes that enhance the safety of state-of-the-art control strategies."


 

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Research Contribution

A preliminary framework for formal verification of WRRF control systems and translation of formal methods to the wastewater sector. Specifically, the framework will accept a SCADA set point for an existing cyber-physical system and conduct a formal proof that verifies the safety of that set point over a pre-defined time horizon (e.g., 24 hours) given assumptions such as design flow rates and regulatory limits.

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Problem

Practical Problem

As critical infrastructure, WRRFs cannot compromise reliability for efficiency. Automated control strategies need to be robust to commands that violate safe operating and discharge limits.

Conceptual Problem

Future behavior of non-linear systems is complex and difficult to predict. As a result, formally verifying attributes of such systems is challenging. This challenge is exacerbated by interactions between the digital and physical world in hybrid (or cyber-physical) systems.

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Solution

Combine formal methods from computer science and process modeling from environmental engineering to create a formal verification tool that proves WRRF commands are safe under the facility-defined assumptions.

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Added Value For The Industry

Streamlined deployment of automated controls in water and wastewater sectors through a verification tool for third-party communication.

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Cooperation Partner

Silicon Valley Clean Water
El Estero Water Resource Center
Stanford, C2RC

 

Watsonville Wastewater Treatment Plant

 

Icon Timeline

 Timeline

Date

Activity

Outcome

Fall 2023

Research project became awarded

 

Winter 2024

Develop object-oriented graph representation of WRRFs

 

Spring 2024

Develop formal verification tool  

 

Fall 2024

  • Improve verification tool based on C2RC trial

  • Verification demonstration at municipal WRRFs

 

Winter 2025

Final report drafting and submission

 

Contact Person

If you want to participate in the project please reach out to Fletcher Chapin.

 

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